
{"id":134885,"date":"2024-07-19T10:39:55","date_gmt":"2024-07-19T07:39:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mathema.me\/?p=134885"},"modified":"2024-09-25T18:45:35","modified_gmt":"2024-09-25T15:45:35","slug":"najprostsze-figury-geometryczne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mathema.me\/pl\/blog\/najprostsze-figury-geometryczne\/","title":{"rendered":"Najprostsze figury geometryczne: punkt, prosta, p\u00f3\u0142prosta, odcinek, \u0142amana"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Do najprostszych figur geometrycznych nale\u017c\u0105 punkt, prosta, p\u00f3\u0142prosta, odcinek i linia \u0142amana. Dzieci poznaj\u0105 te poj\u0119cia ju\u017c w pierwszej klasie, a p\u00f3\u017aniej staj\u0105 si\u0119 one podstaw\u0105 zada\u0144 geometrycznych w starszych klasach. Mathema wyja\u015bnia, czym s\u0105 punkt, \u0142amana, odcinek i inne proste figury geometryczne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Punkt<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Punkt to najprostsza figura w matematyce. Jest jednak bardzo wa\u017cna, poniewa\u017c z punkt\u00f3w sk\u0142adaj\u0105 si\u0119 wszystkie inne figury: tr\u00f3jk\u0105ty, kwadraty, sze\u015bciok\u0105ty i odcinki. Aby narysowa\u0107 twarz, dzieci cz\u0119sto u\u017cywaj\u0105 punkt\u00f3w do przedstawienia oczu. W naturze punkty przypominaj\u0105 gwiazdy na nocnym niebie. Mo\u017cna je r\u00f3wnie\u017c zobaczy\u0107 na skrzyd\u0142ach biedronki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Punkty oznacza si\u0119 wielkimi literami \u0142aci\u0144skimi, na przyk\u0142ad A, B, C, D i tak dalej. Na rysunku litery te umieszcza si\u0119 obok punktu. Aby narysowa\u0107 punkt na papierze, wystarczy dotkn\u0105\u0107 go d\u0142ugopisem w dowolnym miejscu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak wygl\u0105daj\u0105 punkty na papierze i w naturze:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-2.png?resize=1920%2C1080&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-121511\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-2.png?w=1920&amp;ssl=1 1920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-2.png?resize=600%2C338&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-2.png?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-2.png?resize=1024%2C576&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-2.png?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-2.png?resize=50%2C28&amp;ssl=1 50w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-2.png?resize=1600%2C900&amp;ssl=1 1600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1-2.png?resize=1536%2C864&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prosta<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Prosta to niesko\u0144czona linia, kt\u00f3ra nie ma pocz\u0105tku ani ko\u0144ca, dlatego na papierze mo\u017cna narysowa\u0107 tylko jej fragment. Istniej\u0105 linie proste i krzywe. Prosta linia to jak niesko\u0144czona linijka, kt\u00f3ra si\u0119 nie wygina. Krzywa linia ma zakrzywiony kszta\u0142t i mo\u017ce przypomina\u0107 fal\u0119. Czasem na linii zaznacza si\u0119 punkt i m\u00f3wi si\u0119, \u017ce linia przechodzi przez punkt. W \u017cyciu takie linie mo\u017cna zobaczy\u0107 na torach kolejowych lub na polu, gdzie wida\u0107 lini\u0119 horyzontu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak wygl\u0105da prosta na papierze i w rzeczywisto\u015bci:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-1600x900-1.png?resize=1600%2C900&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-134886\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-1600x900-1.png?w=1600&amp;ssl=1 1600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-1600x900-1.png?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-1600x900-1.png?resize=1024%2C576&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-1600x900-1.png?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-1600x900-1.png?resize=50%2C28&amp;ssl=1 50w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-1600x900-1.png?resize=1536%2C864&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-1600x900-1.png?resize=600%2C338&amp;ssl=1 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>P\u00f3\u0142prosta<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u00f3\u0142prosta to linia prosta, kt\u00f3ra ma pocz\u0105tek, ale nie ma ko\u0144ca. Zaczyna si\u0119 w punkcie i jest niesko\u0144czona. Mo\u017cna j\u0105 sobie wyobrazi\u0107 jako \u015bwiat\u0142o bardzo mocnej latarki lub wska\u017anika laserowego, kt\u00f3re zaczyna si\u0119 od \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a \u015bwiat\u0142a i nigdy si\u0119 nie ko\u0144czy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u00f3\u0142prosta na papierze i w rzeczywisto\u015bci:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3-1600x900-1.png?resize=1600%2C900&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-134901\" style=\"width:840px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3-1600x900-1.png?w=1600&amp;ssl=1 1600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3-1600x900-1.png?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3-1600x900-1.png?resize=1024%2C576&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3-1600x900-1.png?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3-1600x900-1.png?resize=50%2C28&amp;ssl=1 50w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3-1600x900-1.png?resize=1536%2C864&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3-1600x900-1.png?resize=600%2C338&amp;ssl=1 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Odcinek<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Odcinek to linia, kt\u00f3ra ma pocz\u0105tek i koniec. Je\u015bli narysujemy na papierze dwa punkty i po\u0142\u0105czymy je prost\u0105 lini\u0105, powstanie odcinek. Je\u015bli umie\u015bcimy punkt na odcinku, podzieli go on na dwa mniejsze odcinki. Mog\u0105 mie\u0107 one tak\u0105 sam\u0105 lub r\u00f3\u017cn\u0105 d\u0142ugo\u015b\u0107. W przeciwie\u0144stwie do prostej i p\u00f3\u0142prostej odcinek ma pocz\u0105tek i koniec, dlatego mo\u017cna go zmierzy\u0107. \u017by\u0142ki na li\u015bciach drzew przypominaj\u0105 odcinki. Odcinki przypominaj\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c zamki b\u0142yskawiczne na ubraniach i plecakach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Odcinek na papierze i w rzeczywisto\u015bci:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4.png?resize=1920%2C1080&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-121542\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4.png?w=1920&amp;ssl=1 1920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4.png?resize=600%2C338&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4.png?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4.png?resize=1024%2C576&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4.png?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4.png?resize=50%2C28&amp;ssl=1 50w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4.png?resize=1600%2C900&amp;ssl=1 1600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/4.png?resize=1536%2C864&amp;ssl=1 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0141amana<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Linia \u0142amana to kilka odcink\u00f3w po\u0142\u0105czonych ze sob\u0105. Je\u015bli narysujemy na papierze kilka punkt\u00f3w w r\u00f3\u017cnych miejscach i po\u0142\u0105czymy je ze sob\u0105, powstanie linia \u0142amana. Punkty na \u0142amanej nazywane s\u0105 jej wierzcho\u0142kami. G\u00f3ry przypominaj\u0105 lini\u0119 \u0142aman\u0105, podobnie jak suche ga\u0142\u0119zie drzew.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Linia \u0142amana na papierze i w naturze:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5-1600x900-1.png?resize=1600%2C900&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-134916\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5-1600x900-1.png?w=1600&amp;ssl=1 1600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5-1600x900-1.png?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5-1600x900-1.png?resize=1024%2C576&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5-1600x900-1.png?resize=768%2C432&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5-1600x900-1.png?resize=50%2C28&amp;ssl=1 50w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5-1600x900-1.png?resize=1536%2C864&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5-1600x900-1.png?resize=600%2C338&amp;ssl=1 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Do najprostszych figur geometrycznych nale\u017c\u0105 punkt, prosta, p\u00f3\u0142prosta, odcinek i linia \u0142amana. Dzieci poznaj\u0105 te poj\u0119cia ju\u017c w pierwszej klasie, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":61008,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_glsr_average":0,"_glsr_ranking":0,"_glsr_reviews":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37,3386],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-134885","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-geometria"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/mathema.me\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/post-cover-62.jpg?fit=1080%2C675&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mathema.me\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/134885","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mathema.me\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mathema.me\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mathema.me\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mathema.me\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=134885"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mathema.me\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/134885\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":178153,"href":"https:\/\/mathema.me\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/134885\/revisions\/178153"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mathema.me\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/61008"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mathema.me\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=134885"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mathema.me\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=134885"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mathema.me\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=134885"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}